The Benefits And Risks Of Fiber Optics

By Amanda Bean

Ever since long ago, talks about the wonders of optical fibers have made its round across the globe. Despite the fact that it has been talked about ever since long ago, getting an all-optical network remains a dream. Only a few places are making use of fiber optics as a part of their network for Internet connections.

An all-optical network is still far off. However, people should thoroughly be made aware about this. It is better to inform the public about the possibility of this dream. Before anything else, let the public know about the pros and cons that are available to them. Here are some important pros and cons the public should know about.

In the advantageous side, there are a lot of people who will appreciate taking advantage of the available bandwidth capacity of the said network. Compared to electrical signals, the capacity for information of an optical signal is three hundred times higher. It makes the connection flow faster and more information are exchanged.

There is also the advantage of signal reliability. Electrical signals are easily exposed to electromagnetic interference. The bit error rate of the electrical systems when there is an electromagnetic interference will god up then. For the optical signals, it does not suffer from electromagnetic interference. Since there is no signal loss, the bit error rate is smaller.

The person has to think about the size and weight too. The optical fibers usually have a size of at least ten micrometers. This size can be compared to a fifth of the diameter of human hair. The weight of this option, when it has a length of one kilometer, will be approximately six kilograms. It is definitely smaller and lighter than the coaxial cables.

Of course, there are consequences to choosing this option too. The first one has something to do with the products cost. The optical networks of big companies use optical fibers as its backbone since it is economical. However, it will be a different matter when this is deployed at home. The cost is too high for a single subscriber.

There are physical constraints that people has to suffer from too. The optical fibers should never be bended too much or else it will lose its light reflecting property. It is also a known fact that this is more easily damaged compared to copper cables. The complexity and cost of the repairs is higher as well.

Traffic switching is still not a good feature for the optical fibers. It is still better to use the electrical switching solution. After all, the cost-efficiency and flexibility of the latter is better than the optical fibers.

The pros and cons are not limited to the aforementioned, though. People should take account all information about using fiber optics. This is so that they can make a more appropriate decision in the end. This way, they can enjoy the benefits and withstand the consequences of using the said network easily.

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Pc Recomment pertaining to Startech Computer Products Display Cables and Adapters ST121UTPDVI

Recomment pertaining to Startech Computer Products Display Cables and Adapters ST121UTPDVI Midgrade

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Startech Computer Products Display Cables and Adapters ST121UTPDVI Midgrade

The ST121UTPDVI DVI Video Extender over Cat 5 UTP lets you extend a DVI Digital (DVI-D) video signal over Category 5 (or better) cable at distances of up to 150-feet (45-meters) from the video source to the intended display, without sacrificing video quality. This cost-effective video extender is simple to use and offers a compact form factor, helping to save valuable work space. With support for resolutions up to 1600x1200, this DVI extender can be easily integrated using existing Ethernet infrastructure wiring, and offers a completely hardware-based solution with no software or drivers required - perfect for any small scale point-to-point digital signage application that requires high quality DVI video. Backed by a StarTech.com 2-year warranty and free lifetime technical support.

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GIS and CAD

I posted earlier today about my steps into the realm of 3D CAD. I am also playing with GIS, or Geographic Information System. Essentially that means it is a system that manages geographically related data. If data relates to geography in some way, GIS can be used to display it.

GIS can be used in many fields, so many. Architects, Civil Engineers, Planners, Police, Airlines, Hospitlas, Software Developers, Real esate Sales, Government, Election Workers, Politcal Parties, Miliary, Sales Departments, Health Department, and many many more.

GIS and CAD are two completely different tools. They are used differently, they work differently, and they have different porposes. With CAD, users create the data to make a drawing. With GIS, users turn on the data they want to see to create a drawing. However, there are exceptions to these rules in bot cases of course. Sometimes in CAD, users refernce other drawings (thus turning on the data they want to see) and in GIS they enter the data they want to use.

In CAD, users display geometric data, and in GIS users display geographic data. There are similarities too of course.

Which GIS program have (or do) you used? I have used Mapinfo, Map3D (from Autodesk) and Arcinfo. None of them full time and I am not an expert on any of them. How about you?

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Professional Project Management Software For Architects And Engineers

By Jerri Perry

Without the project management software for architects and engineers, construction can be a daunting task. The developer has a role to play and can also benefit from this innovation. The earlier clients have good things to say about them leading to references and returning customers. Make sure that you get feedback on your services in order to know what to improve and which areas to avoid.

Every task is unique and faces a variety of challenges. Capturing delays and coming up with solutions to even them out is a major factor of innovation. This means that you can hire people who are in a position to deliver the completed task on time and budget. Provide a rendering and painting jobs.

Most architectural organizations include services for other design professions, including engineering design, plumbing, and civil engineering, which might include in-house staff or subcontracted work. All directors must be conversant with the program. Most customers are scared when they are charged expensively for goods and services. For this reason, they opt to window shop for better quality and cheaper rates. Consultants who strike a balance between their costs and what the client is willing to pay develop good relations and references.

Some back-and-forth coordination is required to allow ducting to be placed above the ceilings and not hamper the plumbing, sprinkler piping, heating, water and ventilation equipment, or electrical components. During this process, hopefully all issues or disparities will be uncovered and everything will work well. But without computer programs, that does not always happen in time. The comfort level of a cost plus a fee contract depends on program quality and integrity.

They have to skim through the muddy waters without involving you. When conflicts arise, let them resolve problems on their own. A reputable company may accumulate all figures and come up with a comprehensive document.Consequently, the management prepares cost-effective methods of project completion. The proprietor must still allocate sufficient time for this work. Associating yourself with prospective clientele gives you an upper hand when looking to expand your market. If knowledgeable, these employees are not available to complete this function. If not, the owner has several options that include outsourcing of qualified computer experts who use this program effectively.

Befriending the managing director can help you to receive an order to supply the equipment they need for their new offices. The staff members have aptitude and ability to carry out any given tasks due to their continued training through seminars. Conducting thorough interviews and reviewing the credentials is an important parameter when hiring new staff.

The innovation enables people to save time that could be used to prepare written reports. Some owners request the contractor to submit weekly costs of work performed if it is expected to continue for several weeks. This is to the advantage of both contractor and owner so there are few surprises when the bill is submitted.

Having a representative stop at the work site each day to review that the activities and accept the daily ticket is a sure way to avoid any misunderstanding of work performed and cost incurred upon completion of the work. If you install a project management software for architects and engineers, it takes you a few weeks to understand it.

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IBM Memory Faster and Cheaper

Memory is one of the biggest things people have to deal with in their computers. It seems everytime you turn around you are needing to upgrade your memory because you ran out or your computer crashed. This is a particular problem due to the price of some memory.

But the new memory from IBM plans to change everything we know about memory. According to Englands university of Leeds physicist Christopher Marrow, "Racetrack memory will be a vast improvement over todays leading computer memory technology - flash and hard disk - which each have serious limitations." IBM shows its new Racetrack memory, as it has been named, has been more reliable in recent tests than hard disks which hopefully will make frequent computer crashes obsolete.

Racetrack is also said to be cheaper than the current prices for hard disk memory. According to Marrows, "This technology will have the best of both worlds - cheap nano-size with huge memory in 3G phones, MP3 players, camcorders, and other devices. But more importantly there will be more sites that will be able to give away storage for free like YouTube and Gmail."

The main point of racetrack is speed, hence the name, and reliability. In hard disks, a motor-operated head, like the ones seen in record players, has to move to the data to read it. Data stored on the Racetrack is moved around on a wire which is pushed by spiraling magnetics. The moving parts in the hard disk makes it very susceptible to crashing. "Hard disks are so good because they are so cheap. But they are bad because of the moving parts." says Marrows.

The other memory device, flash memory, was created in 1980 by Toshiba. But, like hard disks, flash memory has its own problems as well. On the good side, flash memory has no moving parts and is a solid-state storage device. This makes it more reliable and faster than disks. However, on the flip side flash memory has a limited number of erase-write cycles it can perform before the memory capacity begins to deteriorate.

The thing for Racetrack is to have the speed and durability of flash memory combined with the hard disk affordability. According to Stuart Parkin, IBM fellow and inventor of Racetrack, "Racetrack will have cheap memory with the possibility of being one million times faster than hard disks without the risk of wearing out." Unlike hard disks, there is no need to search for information. According to Parkin, this will allow computers to boot up almost instantly.

And, like everything else in the world, Racetrack memory will use less energy making it green. Parkin says, The tremendous amount of storage, faster performance, and reduced energy requirements make it a nice green and smart technology."

One of the biggest, and smartest, innovations of Racetrack is that it is designed vertically which allows it to take up less room than the current memory. This will make it extremely less expensive due to the fact that the price of a chip is based on the space it uses. This design makes Racetrack the first 3-D memory allowing it to obtain more bits per transistor. According to Parkin, "This will allow us to take a chip and increase the transistor size 10 to 100 times, breaking Moores Law." Moores Law was founded by Gordon E. Moore, co-founder of Intel. In 1965, Moore observed that the number of transistors per square inch on a circuit board will double every 18 months.

Some experts believe that Moores law will hold true for another couple of decades. However, Parkin is hoping that his Racetrack will quash that ide in about 5 to 7 years. It is at this point Parkin hopes the Racetrack memory will be fully operational and available. Zeljko Zilic, associate professor of the Department of Electrical Computer Engineering at Montreals McGill University, says that, "As technology enabler, racetrack fits within the universal memory concept, where one type of memory could be used across the full spectrum, replacing the need for multiple types of internal memory. Currently, flash memory comes closest to the ideal, but disadvantages of flash will become more and more apparent."

The goal of IBM is not, in any way, to improve current technology. Their goal is to absolutely replace it all together. Racetrack has the potential to replace both hard disk and flash," Parkin says. "Our goal is to replace all flash memory as it will get rid of the concept of trading performance for cost."

While there are still a few years before Racetrack comes out, people are already waiting with high anticipation. The thought of completely replacing the memory system we have used for the past 60 years is no small feat. But with the brains at IBM, we can bet that they will give it their all to give us the best quality tehy can.

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